وجه استعاری فهم در هرمنوتیک ضد دکارتی ویکو

This article is devoted to philosophical hermeneutics limited in the sphere of the view of Italian philosopher Giambattista Vico. It demonstrates the efforts of Vico to take a contrary position of Descartes cogito-theory to establish a new methodology for human sciences. Metaphor plays an important role in the context of Vico’s theories. But Metaphor does not have only a decorative function in the literatue. He tries to define metaphor as an ontological clue through them the whole human history could be explained. Vico's anti-cartisian position was not well received by the philosophers of his time.The hermeneutic movement our time discovered Vicos ideas anew and placed them in their philosophical concepts.The most important modern philosopher like Martin Heidegger, Emilio Betti, Hans- Georg Gadamer, Paul Ricoeur, Jürgen Habermas were influenced by Vico’s theories. They see him not only as a historian but even more as the founding father of the modern philosophical hermeneutics