Examination of Moral Value of justice in Hume`s View

Document Type : مقاله مروری

Abstract

In this article, it is intended to examine Hume`s endeavor for response to problem that is seen in Treatise of Human Nature. In this book, Hume, on the one hand, criticizes moral egoistic theories intensely and thus shows ethics cannot be existed unless altruism has been antecedently presupposed. On the other hand, he maintains certain moral virtues (artificial virtues) as justice, has arisen due to self-love motive and protection of private possession right; and is recognized as virtue only on the passage of time. In this article, we want to show that Hume in Treatise of Human Nature and in his second moral work namely An Inquiry Concerning Principles of Morals, with different versions, how attempt to show that this two opinion are not contradiction with each other. Eventually, we explain which Hume`s version in inquiry concerning Principle of Morals is more coherent and more consistent with Hume`s principals of philosophy

Keywords


  1. کاپلستون، فردریک چارلز،1386، تاریخ فلسفه از هابز تا هیوم، ترجمهی امیر جلال الدین اعلم، چاپ پنجم، تهران، انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی
  2. هیوم، دیوید،(1392)، کاوش در مبانی اخلاق، ترجمهی مرتضی مردیها، چاپ اول، تهران، انتشارات مینوی خرد
  3. Haakonssen, Knud (2009), The Structure of Hume`s Political Theory, in David Fate Norton and Jacqueline Taylor (2009), Cambridge Companion to Hume, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press
  4. Hardin, Russell (2007), David Hume: Moral and Political Theorist, Oxford University Press
  5. Hume, David (1948), A Treatise of Human Nature: Being Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects, London
  6. Hume, David (1948), An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, London
  7. Norton, David Fate (2009), The Foundation of Morality in Hume`s Treatise, in Norton (2009)
  8. Schmidt, Claudia M (2003) David Hume: Reason in History, the Pennsylvania State University Press
  9. Taylor, Jacqueline (2009), Hume`s Later Moral Philosophy, in Norton (2009)