دانشگاه شهید بهشتی شناخت 2008-7322 8 2 2016 02 20 A study on the influence of Plato and Aristotle on Suhrawardi regarding time and space بررسی تأثیر افلاطون و ارسطو بر سهروردی در بحث زمان و مکان 97863 FA فاطمه بابامرادی Journal Article 2015 08 31 The issue of time and space is of essential concepts in philosophy that has obsessed the minds of all philosophers over the history of ideas so that many thoughts and discourses have been presented in this regard . Both Plato and Aristotle have analyzed space and time based on their own methods . However , Plato has treated the two concepts in brief , but Aristotle has analyzed time and space in detail . In Plato , space is an abstract substance in which the bodies are appeared as if the judgment of space for the bodies are the same as judgment of Aristotelian matter for the bodies, and time in Plato is the emergence of eternity . Therefore , although space and time seems to be the attributes of the sensible bodies , they are the emergence of a transcendent reality . Aristotle does not accept the comment of Plato on time and space and tries to treat space and time based on the structure of body . Aristotle considers space as the mating surface of the encompassing and the encompassed body, giving importance to it as an accidental act , considering time as the degree of movement . Although Suhrawardi is rather Platonic in his anthropological ontology and epistemology, he supports the position of Aristotle in the analysis of time and space, and like him, he holds space as the relation between the surfaces of bodies, and time as the degree of movement. This indicates that Suhrawardi attempts to put away the allegorical perception of nature and replace it with the rational analysis. بحث زمان و مکان از مفاهیم سنتی فلسفه است که در طول تاریخ اندیشه، ذهن تمام فلاسفه را به خود مشغول کرده چنان که آراء و اقوال بسیاری در این باب ابراز کرده اند. افلاطون و ارسطو هر دو بنا به روش خاص خود به تحلیل زمان و مکان پرداخته اند و هر چند افلاطون به اختصار به تحلیل این دو مفهوم پرداخته است ارسطو زمان و مکان را به تفصیل تحلیل کرده است . مکان در فلسفه­ی افلاطون جوهر مجردی است که اجسام در آن پدیدار می شوند چنان که گویی حکم مکان برای اجسام همان حکم ماده­ی ارسطوئی برای اجسام است و زمان در نگاه افلاطون ظهور ابدیت است، بنابراین زمان و مکان گرچه صفت اجسام محسوس به نظر می رسند ولی در واقع ظهور واقعیت فراترند .